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課程名稱 |
社會網絡研究
Study of Social Networks |
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開課學期 |
111-2 |
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授課對象 |
社會科學院 社會學系 |
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授課教師 |
蘇國賢 |
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課號 |
Soc3023 |
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課程識別碼 |
305 32210 |
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班次 |
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學分 |
3.0 |
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全/半年 |
半年 |
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必/選修 |
選修 |
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上課時間 |
星期三2,3,4(9:10~12:10) |
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上課地點 |
社203 |
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備註 |
限學士班學生
總人數上限：50人
外系人數限制：10人 |
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課程簡介影片 |
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核心能力關聯 |
核心能力與課程規劃關聯圖 |
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課程大綱
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為確保您我的權利,請尊重智慧財產權及不得非法影印
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課程概述 |
社會網絡從80年代開始飛速成長，在各領域中蓬勃發展，目前在同一個知識標籤底下，有很多樣的內涵。本課程從社會學中研究社會結構、社區、人群關係、及社會資本的傳統出發，主要關懷社會學的原始提問: 社會變遷如何影響整體社會結構及個人社會網絡的變化。本課程與目前將網絡分析當成技術工具來從事傳播、行銷的分析不同，課程內容也與社群媒體、大數據、人工智慧沒有直接的關聯，純粹是一門關乎社會結構如何形成、演變的科學。想要學習資料分析或社群網絡的同學建議去修習經濟系、新聞所、圖資系、或政治系的相關網絡分析課程。 |
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課程目標 |
網路分析與傳統社會科學分析的最大的不同點，在於其強調社會結構對行為的影響。傳統的社會科學對行為的分析，大多從行為者本身所具有的屬性(attributes)，或個體從群體得來的衍生屬性(derived attributes)，來將行為者進行社會分類，然後比較這些社會類別之間的差異。例如將人群按照性別、種族來分類，或是以職業、從業身分、權威等工作衍生面向，將人群分成各種階級(class)，來分析這些社會類別如何造成個人生命機會的差異。此種分析邏輯的最大弊病，在於研究者按照各種屬性將人群進行分門別類時(categorization)，會有意無意地扭曲了個體所處的原始社會結構(social structure)，而這些社會結構，往往是影響個體生命機會最重要的脈絡。本課程的目的，是藉由網絡分析的概念來引導學生認識結構分析的基本邏輯及預設，並提供簡單的概念及分析架構，以便讓學生能用結構的思考工具來進行社會結構的分析。主要的內容包含幾大部分:
(1)網絡社會學的發展歷史
(2)結構分析的知識立場
(3)網絡分析的理論觀點與侷限
(4)網絡的資料與方法簡介
(5)關係的生成與結束
(6)關係的變化
(7)關係的空間分布
(8)關係的類聚與隔離
(9)網絡作為一種資源
(10)網絡的分布與不平等
(11)網絡影響與資訊傳播
本課程將努力達成以下幾個目標:
1. 了解網絡分析做為一個新的分析觀點的基本知識論立場
2. 了解網絡分析理論觀點及其侷限
3. 介紹社會網絡的基本概念與方法
4. 瀏覽社會網絡與社會資本研究目前在社會學上的應用 |
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課程要求 |
本課程為社會學的基礎課程，適合想所有對社會網絡及社會結構有興趣的同學來修讀。選修之學生無須任何程式語言、統計分析或數據科學等相關課程。課程會介紹基本的網絡分析工具，但本課程並非分析方法的課程，因此不會教授特定的分析方法。若想要學習社會網絡分析方法或大數據方法的同學，請考慮其他課程。本課程以討論社會學中的結構分析、個人網絡、關係動態、社會網絡、社會資本相關領域的研究為範疇，雖然會部分涵蓋線上社會、社群媒體、大數據分析等課題，但本課程主要集中討論人際網絡，並非以線上網絡或社群網絡為主要課題。想要透過社會網絡來進行社群媒體分析的同學也建議改修學校其他相關課程。
授課方法：
本課程以演講及閱讀討論為主。每週上課老師會指定必讀及參考文獻，以英文文獻閱讀為主。請同學事先研讀。期中考及期末考為課堂筆試，考試內容為上課閱讀及老師講義內容。期末考之後須交研究報告一份。
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預期每週課後學習時數 |
每週至少要花四小時閱讀本課程的內容。 |
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Office Hours |
每週三 14:00~16:00 |
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指定閱讀 |
Textbooks: 每週閱讀的內容主要採自以下幾本教科書，所有指定閱讀會在上課前上網。也歡迎大家自行上網購買原文書。
(MJ) Matthew O. Jackson. 2019. The Human Network: How Your Social Position Determines your Power, Beliefs, and Behaviors. （解密人際網絡 ：先覺出版社）
(BDG) Bidart, Claire. Alain Degenne, Michel Grossetti. 2020. Living in Networks: The Dynamics of Social Relationship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(EK) Easley, David and Jon Kleinberg. 2010. Networks, Crowds, and Markets: Reasonsing about a Highly Connected World. Cambrdige University Press. http://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/kleinber/networks-book/
(PPB) Perry, Brea L. Bernice A. Pescosolido, & Stephen P. Borgatti. 2018. Egocentric Network Analysis: Foundations, Methods, and Models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(KY) Knoke, David and Song Yang, 2019. Social Network Analysis. Third Edition, |
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參考書目 |
理論相關參考書:
Mark Newman. 2018. Networks. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bernice Pescosolido , Edward B. Smith , Mario L. Small , Brea L. Perry. 2021. Personal Networks : Classic Readings and New Directions in Egocentric AnalysisSmith,
Christian. 2010. What is a Person? Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Hedstrom, Peter. 2005. Dissecting the social: on the principle of Analytical Sociology. Cambrdige: Cambrige University Press.
分析方法相關參考書
Wasserman, Stanley, and Katherine Faust. 1994. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications.
(Python) Fillipo Menczer, Santo Fortunato and Clayton A. Davis. 2020. A First Course in Network Science. Cambridge: Cambirge University Press.
(Python) Dmitry Zinoview. 2018. Complex Network Analysis in Python. Raleigh, NC: The Pragmatic Bookshelf.
(R language) Borgatti, Stephen and Martin Everett. 2022. Analyzing Social Networks Using R. Los Angeles: Sage Publication.
(Ucinet) Borgatti, Stephen and Martin Everett. 2018. Analyzing Social Networks. Los Angeles: Sage Publication.
Scott, John and Peter J. Carrington. ed. 2011. The Sage Handbook of Social Network Analysis. Los Angeles: Sage Publication.
Hanneman, Robert A. and Mark Riddle. 2005. Introduction to social network methods. Riverside, CA: University of California, Riverside ( published in
digital form at http://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/nettext/)
實證研究類參考文獻
Fischer, Claudes S. 2011. Still Connected: Family and Friends in American Since 1970. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Halpern, David. 2005. Social Capital. Polity Press.
Rainie, Lee and Barry Wellman. 2012. Networked: The New Social Operating System. Cambridge: MIT press.
Charles Kadushin. 2012. Understanding Social Networks: Theories, Concepts, and Findings.
Centola, Damon. 2018. How Behavior Spreads: The Science of Complex Contagions. Princeton: Princeton University Press
Computer software:
NetworkX Jupyter Notebook:
https://ericmjl.github.io/Network-Analysis-Made-Simple/
很多social network analysis的相關資源在Github上
(Ucinet) Borgatti, S.P., Everett, M.G. and Freeman, L.C. Ucinet for Windows: Software for Social Network Analysis. Harvard, MA: Analytic Technologies.
https://sites.google.com/site/ucinetsoftware/home
Pajek http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/pajek/default.htm
Borgatti, SP. 2006. E-Net https://sites.google.com/site/enetsoftware1/Home |
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評量方式
(僅供參考) |
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No. |
項目 |
百分比 |
說明 |
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1. |
出席 |
10% |
採簽到制。遲到一小時以上該週算缺席。上課缺席超過三次以上會嚴重影響學期成績。 |
2. |
期中考筆試 |
35% |
主要以中英文選擇題、簡答題，測驗同學對於閱讀及上課內容的熟悉度。 |
3. |
期末考筆試 |
35% |
主要以中英文選擇題、簡答題來測驗同學對於閱讀及上課內容的熟悉度。 |
4. |
期末報告 |
20% |
撰寫一個完整的學術報告。可以是經驗的研究（質量皆可）或是某一特定議題的完整文獻整理。1.5間距10頁（不含圖表及參考書目）possible topics:
1. A theoretical review of important network concepts and issues
2. An empirical analysis on network phenomon
3. A qualitative field work on subjects related to social network. |
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針對學生困難提供學生調整方式 |
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上課形式 |
提供學生彈性出席課程方式 |
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作業繳交方式 |
學生與授課老師協議改以其他形式呈現 |
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考試形式 |
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其他 |
由師生雙方議定 |
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週次 |
日期 |
單元主題 |
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第1週 |
2/22 |
課程介紹
社會網絡的發展史及課程內容介紹
The Development of Social Network Analysis
Reading:
(EK) Ch. 1
Book review on Linton C. Freeman. 2004. The Development of Social Network Analysis: A Study in the Sociology of Science, Empirical Press, Vancouver, BC (2004) Social Networks 27(4):377–384
有興趣了解詳細的學術史的同學可以參考附檔的全書。 |
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第2週 |
3/1 |
Structure vs. Agency
結構分析導論Introduction to Structural Analysis
生成概念與結構的主題: 人The concept of emergence and personhood
Smith, Christian. 2010. What is a Person? Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. (摘要頁數）
Perry, Brea L. Bernice A. Pescosolido, & Stephen P. Borgatti. 2018. Egocentric Network Analysis: Foundations, Methods, and Models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (摘要頁數）
參考：
Analytical Sociology and Mechanism
Hedstrom, Peter. Dissecting the social: on the principle of Analytical Sociology. Chapter 3.
*Daniel Little. 2012. Analytical Sociology and the Rest of Sociology. Sociologica.
*Gianluca Manzo. Analytical Sociology and Its Critics. European Journal of Sociology.
*Wellman, Barry. 1988. "Structural Analysis: From Method and Metaphor to Theory and Substance.” Pp. 19-61 in Social Structures: A Network Approach, edited by B. Wellman and S. D. Berkowitz. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
*Bruce Mayhew. 1980. Structuralism vs. Individualism. Social Forces. Vol 59 (2): Pp. 335-375
*Emirbayer, M. 1997. "Manifesto for Relational Sociology." American Journal of Sociology 103:281-317.
*Wasserman, Stanley, and Katherine Faust. 1994. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Chapter 1
*Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 1940. "On Social Structure.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Society of Great Britain and Ireland 70:1-12.
*S. F. Nadel, Social Structure, 1-19, 62-73, 79-92, 97-104, 147-152.
*Burt, Ronald S. 1982. Toward a Structural Theory of Action. New York: Academic Press. Chapter 1, 9.
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第3週 |
3/8 |
基本網絡概念與測量Graph and Basic Network Concepts and Measurement
Reading:
*(EK) Ch.2
蘇國賢 (2012) 社會網絡研究。瞿海源、畢衡達、劉長萱、楊國樞編，《社會及行為科學研究法》第二版，頁375-422，台北：東華書局。
Knoke and Yang. 2007. Social Network Analysis. Second Edition. Sage Publication.
*Wasserman, Stanley, and Katherine Faust. 1994. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Pp. 28-66.
*Hanneman, Robert A. 2005. Introduction to Social Network Methods . Chapter 3-6 .
*Yang-chih Fu.2005.Measuring personal networks with daily contacts: a single-item survey question and the contact diary. Social Networks 27:169–186.
*Kuo-Hsien Su, Nan Lin. 2013. Status-based Differential Memory and Measurement of Social Capital: Recall Errors and Bias Estimations. Social Capital and Its Institutional Contingency: A Study of the United States, China, and Taiwan. New York: Routledge. 2013: 64-80.
*Borgatti, Everett, and Johnson. 2013. Analyzing Social Networks. Chapter 3-5.
*Marsden, Peter V. "Survey Methods for Network Data." In The Sage Handbook of Social Network Analysis.
*Marsden, Peter V. "Network Data and Measurement." Annual Review of Sociology.
*Marsden, Peter V. "Recent Development in Network Measurement." In Models and Methods in Social Network Analysis. |
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第4週 |
3/15 |
Weak Ties and Strong Ties
弱連的優勢
*EK. Ch. 3.
參考：
Granovetter, Mark S. 1977. "The Strength of Weak Ties."American Journal of Sociology 78: 1360-1380. Also in LienhardtÌs Social Networks, pp 347-367.
Burt, Ronald S. 1992. Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Pp.8-81.
Granovetter, Mark S. 1995 (1974). Getting a Job: A Study of Contacts and Careers. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.網絡資 |
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第5週 |
3/22 |
Network and their surrounding context
類聚與隔離Homophily
MJ. Ch. 5.
*EK Ch. 4.
McPherson, M., L. Smith-Lovin and J. M. Cook. 2001. "Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks." Annual Review of Sociology
27:415-44. |
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第6週 |
3/29 |
接觸機會與關係的形成 Context and relations
Blau, Peter M. 1977. A Macrosociological Theory of Social Structure. American Journal of Sociology 83: 26-54.
BDG ch. 3.
*Blau, Peter M. 1977. Inequality and Heterogeneity. New York: The Free Press.
*Blau, Peter M. 1994. Structural Contexts of Opportunities. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
McFarland, D. A., J. Moody, D. Diehl, J. A. Smith, and R. J. Thomas. 2014. "Network Ecology and Adolescent Social Structure." American Sociological Review 79(6):1088-121.
( 讀到 1094頁， research design and data 之前） |
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第7週 |
4/5 |
Spring Break |
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第8週 |
4/12 |
期中考分 (繳交兩頁的期末報告計畫書） |
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第9週 |
4/19 |
Structural Balance
(EK) Ch. 5
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第10週 |
4/26 |
料的蒐集與分析 (optional)
Borgatti, Stephen. Martin Everett, Jeffrey Johnson. 2013. Analyzing Social Networks. LA: Sage Publications. （摘錄頁）關係的終止與持續
BDG ch. 5 |
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第11週 |
5/3 |
關係的變化 Changes in networks and relations across life course
BDG ch. 6. BDG Ch. 7
蘇國賢（2020年7月）。臺灣個人核心網絡的變化：比較1997年與2017年的差異。《臺灣社會學刊》，67：63-134。
參考：
Jeffrey A. Smith, Miller McPherson, and Lynn Smith-Lovin. 2014. Social Distance in the United States: Sex, Race, Religion, Age, and Education Homophily among Confidants, 1985 to 2004. American Sociological Review 2014, Vol. 79(3) 432–456
*Bernice A. Pescosolido and Beth A. Rubin. 2000. The Web of Group Affiliations Revisited: Social Life, Postmodernism, and Sociology. American Sociological Review, Vol. 65, No. 1
*Beata Dávid, Eva Huszti, Ildikó Barna, Yang-chih Fu. 2016. Egocentric contact networks in comparison: Taiwan and Hungary. Social Networks 44: 253-265
*Rainie, Lee and Barry Wellman. 2012. Networked: The New Social Operating System. Cambridge: MIT press.
*Sassler, S. 2010. "Partnering across the Life Course: Sex, Relationships, and Mate Selection." Journal of Marriage and Family 72(3):557-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00718.x.
*Umberson, Debra, Robert Crosnoe and Corinne Reczek. 2010. "Social Relationships and Health Behavior across the Life Course." Pp. 139-57 in Annual Review of Sociology, Vol 36, Vol. 36, Annual Review of Sociology, edited by K. S. Cook and D. S. Massey.
*Lusher Dean, Johan Koskinen, Garry Robins, Exponential Random Graph Models of Social Networks: Theory, Methods and Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
*Rivera, Mark T., Sara B. Soderstrom and Brian Uzzi. 2010. "Dynamics of Dyads in Social Networks: Assortative, Relational, and Proximity Mechanisms." Pp. 91-115 in Annual Review of Sociology, Vol 36. |
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第12週 |
5/10 |
Network Effects
MJ Ch.2
BDG Ch. 10 |
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第13週 |
5/17 |
結構同位與競爭關係Structural equivalent and Competition
Burt, Ronald S. 1987. "Social Contagion and Innovation: Cohesion versus Structural Equivalence.” American Journal of Sociology 92:1287-1335.
參考：
Chen, Ming-Jer, Kuo-hsien Su, Wenpin Tsai, Competitive Tension: The Awareness-Motivation-Capability Perspective, Academy of Management Journal, 1, pp101-118
*Wenpin Tsai, Kuo-Hsien Su, Ming-Jer Chen, Seeing Through the Eyes of a Rival: Competitor Acumen Based on Rival-Centric Perceptions, Academy of Management Journal, 4, pp761-778 |
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第14週 |
5/24 |
傳播效應Social Contagion and Diffusion Process
MJ Ch. 3
參考：
Centola, Damon. 2018. How Behavior Spreads: The Science of Complex Contagions. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
*Moody, James, 2003. Network Dynamics. In Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology. Chapter 19.
*Coleman, James, Elihu Katz, and Herbert Menzel. 1957. “The Diffusion of an Innovation among Physicians.” Sociometry 20: 253-270.
*Burt, Ronald S. 1987. "Social Contagion and Innovation: Cohesion versus Structural Equivalence.” American Journal of Sociology 92:1287-1335.
*Wang, Dan J. and Sarah A. Soule. 2012. "Social Movement Organizational Collaboration: Networks of Learning and the Diffusion of Protest Tactics, 1960-1995." American Journal of Sociology 117(6):1674-722. doi: 10.1086/664685.
*Wejnert, Barbara. 2004. Assessing “Integrating Models of Diffusion of Innovations: A Conceptual Framework. Annual Review of Sociology 297-
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第15週 |
5/31 |
網絡不平等Network Inequality
MJ ch. 6
BDG Ch. 11
參考：
DiMaggio, Paul and Filiz Garip. 2012. "Network Effects and Social Inequality." Pp. 93-118 in Annual Review of Sociology, Vol 38, Vol. 38, Annual Review of Sociology, edited by K. S. Cook and D. S. Massey.
*Small, Mario Luis. 2009. Unanticipated Gains: Origins of Network Inequality in Everyday Life. Oxford: Oxford University press.
*Emily Erikson and Nicholas Occhiuto. 2017. Social Networks and Macrosocial Change. Annu. Rev. Sociol. 2017. 43:229–48
*Roger Gould, 2002. “The Evolution of Status Hierarchies.” American Journal of Sociology 107: 1143-1178
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第16週 |
6/7 |
期末考 |
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